STATE OF RHODE ISLAND AND PROVIDENCE PLANTATIONS

PROVIDENCE, SC   DISTRICT COURT SIXTH DIVISION


KEITH B. RAYMOND

V.  :  A.A. 03-38

DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND  TRAINING, BOARD OF REVIEW   

D E C I S I O N

DEROBBIO, C.J.  This matter is before the Court on the complaint of Keith B. Raymond, filed pursuant to Rhode Island General Laws § 42-35-15, seeking judicial review of a final decision rendered by the respondent, Board of Review, Department of Labor and Training, which upheld the finding of the Referee that the claimant, Keith B. Raymond was not entitled to receive employment security benefits.

            The travel of the case is as follows.  The claimant last worked on October 5, 2001.  The claimant reopened his claim for Employment Security benefits on November 7, 2002.  In a decision dated December 9, 2002, the Director determined  the claimant voluntarily left his job without good cause, as provided for under Section 28-44-17 of the Rhode Island Employment Security Act.  It was further noted that the claimant was declared overpaid for benefits received for the weeks ending March 2, 2002 through November 16, 2002 in the amount of $5,472.00 for which restitution is sought under Section 28-42-68 of the Employment Security Act.  The claimant filed a timely appeal of this decision.  A hearing on this appeal was held on January 14, 2003, at which the claimant appeared and provided testimony.  The employer testified by telephone.

            The Referee held the claimant was not entitled to receive unemployment security benefits, based on the determination that claimant left work voluntarily  without good cause and was liable for repayment of overpaid benefits to the claimant and was thus disqualified pursuant to Rhode Island General Laws Sections 28-44-17 and 28-42-68.

            Thereafter, a timely appeal was filed and the matter was heard by the Board of Review.  The Board determined that the Referee’s decision was a proper adjudication of the facts, and upheld the Referee’s decision.  Thereafter, Keith B. Raymond filed a complaint for judicial review; jurisdiction for review of the decisions of the Board is vested in the District Court by Rhode Island General Laws § 28-44-52.

            The standard of review is provided by Rhode Island General Laws § 42-35-15(g), a section of the state Administrative Procedures Act, which provides as follows:

42-35-15.  Judicial review of contested cases.

      (g)       The court shall not substitute its judgment for that of the

                  agency as to the weight of the evidence on questions of

            fact.  The court may affirm the decision of the agency or

            remand the case for further proceedings, or it may reverse

            or modify the decision if substantial rights of the appellant

            have been prejudiced because the administrative findings,                      inferences, conclusions, or decisions are:

 

            (1)       In violation of constitutional or statutory provisions;

            (2)       In excess of the statutory authority of the agency;

            (3)       Made upon unlawful procedure;

            (4)       Affected by other error of law;

            (5)       Clearly erroneous in view of the reliable,

                        probative, and substantial evidence on the

                        whole record; or

(6)       Arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion.

  

Thus, on questions of fact, the District Court ". . . may not substitute its judgment for that of the agency and must affirm the decision of the agency unless its findings are clearly erroneous.”  Guarino v. Department of Social Welfare, 122 R.I. 583, 584, 410 A.2d 425 (1980) citing Rhode Island General Laws § 42-35-15(g)(5).  The Court will not substitute its judgment for that of the Board as to the weight of the evidence on questions of fact.  Cahoone v. Board of Review of the Department of Employment Security, 104 R.I. 503, 246 A.2d 213 (1968).  Stated differently, the findings of the agency will be upheld even though a reasonable mind might have reached a contrary result.  Cahoone v. Board of Review of Department of Employment Security, 104 R.I. 503, 246 A.2d 213, 215 (1968).  See also D'Ambra v. Board of Review, Department of Employment Security, 517 A.2d 1039, 1041 (R.I. 1986).

The Court has recognized that a liberal interpretation shall be utilized in construing and applying the Employment Security Act:

. . . eligibility for benefits is to be determined in the light of the expressed legislative policy that "Chapters 42 to 44, inclusive, of this title shall be construed liberally in aid of their declared purpose which declared purpose is to lighten the burden which now falls upon the unemployed worker and his family.”  G.L.1956, § 28-42-73. The legislature having thus declared a policy of liberal construction, this court, in construing the act, must seek to give as broad an effect to its humanitarian purpose as it reasonably may in the circumstances.  Of course, compliance with the legislative policy does not warrant an extension of eligibility by this court to any person or class of persons not intended by the legislature to share in the benefits of the act; but neither does it permit this court to enlarge the exclusionary effect of expressed restrictions on eligibility under the guise of construing such provisions of the act.  Harraka v. Board of Review of Department of Employment Security, 98 R.I. 197, 201, 200 A.2d 595, 597 (1964).

 

      The issue before the Court is whether the Board’s determination that the Referee’s decision was a proper adjudication of the facts and that the claimant voluntarily left his employment without good cause and was erroneously paid unemployment compensation benefits was supported by reliable, probative, and substantial evidence in the record and whether or not it was clearly erroneous.

      A majority of the Board of Review adopted the following findings of fact of the Referee:

“The claimant had been working as an oiler for an out-of-town employer last on October 5, 2001.  At that time the claimant was arrested and incarcerated for a previous legal issue.  The claimant was released February 7, 2002.  The claimant did not inform his employer of his absence, however he did have a relative contact his local union business agent/hiring hall to notify them that he would be unable to report to work.  When the claimant was released from [sic] in February 2002, he did not report back to this previous employer, rather he reported to his hiring hall and was not given any referrals.

 

When the claimant reopened his claim on February 2, 2002, the claimant indicated he was laid off due to a lack of work, as he had not received any referrals from his union hiring hall in February 2002.  As a result of this information, his claim was processed and he received benefits in the amount of $5,472.00 for weeks ending March 2, 2002 through November 16, 2002.  The claimant had not informed the Department of Labor and Training at the time of his filing in February 2002 concerning the issue of his separation in October 2001.  The Department feels the claimant is at fault in creating this overpayment and as such, is requesting restitution in said amount, as provided for under Section 28-42-68 of the Employment Security Act.”

 

      A majority of the Board of Review adopted the following conclusions of the Referee:

“The first issue in this case is whether or not the claimant left work voluntarily with good cause within the meaning of Section 28-44-17 of the Rhode Island Employment Security Act.

 

Section 28-44-17 reads as follows:

 

‘28-44-17.  Voluntary leaving without good cause.  --  An individual who leaves work voluntarily without good cause shall be ineligible for waiting period credit or benefits for the week in which the voluntary quit occurred and until he or she establishes to the satisfaction of the director that he or she has subsequent to that leaving had at least eight (8) weeks of work, and in each of those eight (8) weeks has had earnings of at least twenty (20) times the minimum hourly wage as defined in chapter 12 of this title for performing services in employment for one or more employers subject to chapters 42 -- 44 of this title.  For the purposes of this section, voluntarily leaving work with good cause shall include sexual harassment against members of either sex.  For the purposes of this section, voluntarily leaving work without good cause shall include voluntarily leaving work with an employer to accompany, join or follow his or her spouse in a new locality in connection with the retirement of his or her spouse, or failure by a temporary employee to contact the temporary help agency upon completion of the most recent work assignment to seek additional work unless good cause is shown for said failure; provided, that the temporary help agency gave written notice to the individual that the individual is required to contact the temporary help agency at the completion of the most recent work assignment to seek additional work.’

 

In the instant case, the claimant last worked on October 5, 2001.  The claimant was incarcerated shortly thereafter and remained so through February 7, 2002 upon his release.  The claimant did not notify the employer as to the reason why he could not return to work.  He did notify his union hall concerning this issue.  I find that the claimant’s separation in this instance is considered to be without good cause.  The claimant in effect contributed to his own separation because of previous legal matters resulting in his arrest and subsequent incarceration and an inability to report to work.  The claimant’s leaving in this instance is considered to be a voluntary quit without good cause, as he has not demonstrated job unsuitability.  Therefore, the claimant cannot be allowed benefits in this issue.

 

The second issue in this case is whether or not the claimant is overpaid Employment Security Benefits and subject to recovery under the provisions of Section 28-42-68 of the Rhode Island Employment Security Act.

 

      28-42-68. Recovery of erroneously paid benefits. -- (a) Any individual who, by reason of a mistake or misrepresentation made by himself, herself, or another, has received any sum as benefits under chapters 42 -- 44, of this title, in any week in which any condition for the receipt of the benefits imposed by those chapters was not fulfilled by him or her, or with respect to any week in which he or she was disqualified from receiving those benefits, shall in the discretion of the director be liable to have that sum deducted from any future benefits payable to him or her under those chapters, or shall be liable to repay to the director for the employment security fund a sum equal to the amount so received, plus, if the benefits were received as a result of misrepresentation or fraud by the recipient, interest thereon at the rate set forth in subsection 28-43-15.  That sum shall be collectible in the manner provided in subsection 28-43-18 for the collection of past due contributions.  All interest received hereunder shall be credited to the unemployment security interest fund created by subsection 28-42-65.

 

(b)  There shall be no recovery of payments from any person who, in the judgment of the director, is without fault on his or her part and where, in the judgment of the director, that recovery would defeat the purpose of chapters 42 -- 44 of this title.

 

In determining whether an individual is overpaid requiring restitution a finding of fault must be made.  Fault is establishing on the part of the claimant that they in some way contributed to the creation of the overpayment.  The claimant became unemployed in October, 2001 because of an incarceration and a subsequent inability to report to work.  When the claimant was released in February 2002 he filed  his claim for benefits checking with his hiring hall, and since he did not receive any job referrals the claimant indicated he was laid off due to a lack of work.  The claimant was not completely forthcoming with the information concerning his separation in October 2001 and as a result his claim was processed and he was paid benefits in the amount of $5,472.00.  I find that since the claimant did not fully disclose the information surrounding his separation in October 2001, the claimant is considered to be at fault in this matter and, as such, is liable to make restitution in the amount of $5,472.00, as provided for under Section 28-42-68 of the Employment Security Act.”

 

      A review of the entire record demonstrates that the issue in this case is one of fact.  There is sufficient evidence to demonstrate on the record that a majority of the Board concluded that the leaving was voluntary.  Incarceration is not good cause.  His voluntary actions caused this incarceration.

A review of the entire record demonstrates that there is substantial, probative and reliable evidence to support the findings of fact, conclusions and decision of the Board of Review.

      On findings of fact, as to the weight of the evidence, this Court shall not substitute its judgment for that of the administrative agency.

The scope of judicial review by the Court is limited by Section 28-44-54 which in its pertinent part provides:

      28-44-54.  Scope of  judicial review - Additional evidence - Precedence of proceedings. - The jurisdiction of the reviewing court shall be confined to questions of law, and, in the absence of fraud, the findings of fact by the board of review, if supported by substantial evidence regardless of statutory or common law rules, shall be conclusive.

 

      Upon careful review of the evidence, this Court finds that the decision of the Board was not “clearly erroneous in view of the reliable, probative and substantial evidence on the whole record,” and that said decision was not “arbitrary or capricious or characterized by abuse of discretion or clearly unwarranted exercise of discretion.”  Rhode Island General Laws § 42-35-15(g)(5)(6).

      Accordingly, the decision of the Board is hereby affirmed.