RENDERED: JANUARY 14, 2005; 2:00 p.m. 
NOT TO BE PUBLISHED 
Commonwealth Of Kentucky 
Court of Appeals 
NO. 2003-CA-002236-MR 
DENISE MULLINS APPELLANT 
APPEAL FROM LINCOLN CIRCUIT COURT 
v. HONORABLE ROBERT E. GILLUM, JUDGE 
ACTION NO. 03-CI-00107 
COMMONWEALTH OF KENTUCKY, 
WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT CABINET, 
DIVISION OF UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE, 
KENTUCKY UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE 
COMMISSION, AND LINCOLN COUNTY 
REGIONAL JAIL APPELLEES 
OPINION 

AFFIRMING 
** ** ** ** ** 
BEFORE: DYCHE, GUIDUGLI, AND McANULTY, JUDGES. 
McANULTY, JUDGE: 

Denise Mullins was discharged from her 
employment as a deputy jailer at the Lincoln County Regional 
Jail September 28, 2002. The discharge stemmed from an incident 
which occurred at the jail in which bond money that Mullins had 
handled came up missing. Her letter of discharge from Jailer 
William “David” Gooch set forth the following allegations of 
misconduct committed by Mullins as reasons for her dismissal:

(1) theft of $504.00; (2) failure to 
properly use audio-video surveillance 
equipment; (3) failure to properly control 
inmate movement; (4) failure to keep control 
room door locked; (5) abandoning control 
room; and (6) chronic use/abuse of 
narcotics/controlled substances, impairing 
ability to safely competently perform 
duties. 

It was Mullins’ duty to prepare the bond by placing 
the money in an envelope and dropping it into a slot in a locked 
box while speaking on camera. The camera only took a picture 
every few seconds, and employees were required to move slowly 
while on camera so that it could record their movements. When 
the envelope was determined to be missing the next day, review 
of the tape revealed that Mullins had not followed the 
procedure. It could not be seen what she did with the bond. 
When questioned, Mullins asserted that she had dropped the bond 
envelope in the slot. The camera review also tended to show 
that, contrary to policy, Mullins did not keep the control room 
door closed and she prepared the bond in the presence of an 
inmate. The inmate was supposed to have been supervised at the 
time by another deputy, not by Mullins. 

Jailer Gooch immediately suspended Mullins after the 
bond money was not recovered or repaid by her. He then inquired 
into Mullins’ drug use as a result of this incident, attempting 
to explore a motive for the alleged theft. Mr. Gooch spoke with 
inmates who alleged that Mullins was dealing in drugs. However,
Mullins denied illegal drug use and explained her positive drug 
test by establishing proof through her physician that she was on 
prescription medication. Mr. Gooch presented a drug case 
against Mullins to the grand jury, which failed to indict. 
Thereafter, Mr. Gooch sent Mullins the letter of termination. 

Following her termination, Mullins applied for 
unemployment benefits. She was awarded benefits on a finding 
that she did not act in willful disregard of her employer’s 
interests and the discharge was for reasons other than 
misconduct associated with the work. Mr. Gooch appealed the 
decision. An appeals referee conducted a hearing and affirmed 
the determination that Mullins was terminated for reasons other 
than misconduct connected with the work. The referee concluded 
that there was no evidence that the claimant was guilty of 
dishonesty or violating the employer’s policy regarding a drug 
free workplace. 

Jailer Gooch appealed this decision to the Kentucky 
Unemployment Insurance Commission (KUIC), which reversed the 
decision of the referee. The KUIC found that Mullins: 
was aware of the rule, which was emphasized 
by David Gooch, jailer, at monthly 
employment meetings, requiring deputies 
taking bond money to face the camera in the 
control room to move slowly and speak loudly 
while identifying what and for whom they 
were making a drop into the lock box. . . . 
Claimant even asked Mr. Gooch to go over the 
procedure at one of the monthly meetings.

The KUIC found that Mullins was in knowing violation of the 
reasonable and uniformly enforced rule requiring correct use of 
the camera while making a bond drop. The KUIC found that the 
rule’s importance was emphasized monthly by Gooch and once at 
Mullins’ request. The KUIC declared that the importance of the 
rule was obvious. The KUIC further found that there was no 
evidence that Mr. Gooch or his chief deputy were aware that 
anyone violated this rule. 

The KUIC also found that Mullins was not guilty of the 
allegations that she violated the rule against leaving the 
control room unattended since that was done customarily, even by 
Mullins’ supervisor. The KUIC also concluded that Mullins’ 
being in the presence of inmates while handling the bond money 
was not misconduct because she was not responsible for that 
happening.

Mullins appealed the KUIC’s order to the Lincoln 
Circuit Court which dismissed the claim on the basis that 
substantial evidence existed to support the KUIC’s finding that 
Mullins failed to comply with a well-known rule of the employer. 
Mullins appeals to this Court and argues that the KUIC’s finding 
that she knowingly violated a reasonable and uniformly enforced 
rule of the employer was erroneous. Mullins contends that she 
was actually fired because she would not confess to the theft of
the bond money. She also claims that it was improper to deny 
benefits based on a single act of negligence. Finally, she 
alleges there was no evidence that she was trained in the video 
procedure or that it was a uniformly enforced rule. We affirm 
the Lincoln Circuit Court. 

KRS 341.370(1)(b) states that a worker shall be 
disqualified from receiving benefits for the duration of any 
period of unemployment if she was “discharged for misconduct or 
dishonesty” connected with her most recent work. KRS 341.370(6) 
gives examples of the misconduct contemplated by the statute, 
including, but not limited to, falsification of an employment 
application, knowing violation of a reasonable and uniformly 
enforced rule of an employer, unsatisfactory attendance, alcohol 
or drug abuse on employer's premises during working hours, 
endangering safety of self or co-workers, and incarceration 
which results in missing at least five days work. 

The employer has the burden of proving that the 
employee’s actions constituted misconduct. Burch v. Taylor Drug 
Store, Inc., 965 S.W.2d 830, 835 (Ky.App. 1998). If there is 
substantial evidence in the record to support an agency's 
findings, they will be upheld even though there may be 
conflicting evidence in the record. Kentucky Comm’n on Human 
Rights v. Fraser, 625 S.W.2d 852, 856 (Ky. 1981). The agency's
findings are clearly erroneous if arbitrary or unsupported by 
substantial evidence in the record. Id. 

Mullins first notes that KUIC’s findings of fact state 
that “Mr. Gooch attempted to build a case for theft against” 
Mullins, even after the grand jury failed to indict her on the 
theft charge. Mullins argues that her refusal to confess to a 
crime is not a basis for a finding of misconduct. Mullins 
argues on appeal that KUIC accepted a pretextual reason for the 
discharge and disregarded its own findings as to why she was 
fired. She argues that the employer did not meet its burden of 
proof to establish that the discharge was for the reason given. 
Thus, Mullins believes that her discharge was arbitrary. 

We do not agree that the findings were contradictory 
or that KUIC relied on a pretext to uphold the discharge on the 
grounds of misconduct. The employer listed its reasons in its 
discharge letter, which included the fact that Mullins did not 
correctly use the audio-video surveillance equipment. This was 
not a minor transgression considering what resulted in this 
case. The failure to properly use the equipment meant that what 
actually happened to the bond could not be ascertained, even if 
Mullins did not personally take the money. This failure went to 
the heart of why Mullins was discharged, and was not merely a 
pretext. Thus, we cannot agree that the KUIC’s decision may be 
considered arbitrary.

Next, Mullins alleges that a person cannot be fired 
for misconduct for a single incident, citing Shamrock Coal Co., 
Inc. v. Taylor, 697 S.W.2d 952, 954-55 (Ky.App. 1985). We 
consider Mullins’ reliance on Shamrock Coal to be misplaced. 
This Court stated in Shamrock Coal that an isolated instance of 
negligence or poor judgment was not the equivalent of misconduct 
under KRS 341.370. This Court perceived no bad faith or 
inference of culpability in the error made by the employee in 
that case.

In the case at bar, by contrast, the employer showed 
more than an instance of negligence or poor judgment. Despite 
Mullins’ protests of innocence, there was an inference of 
culpability in that the only explanation was that Mullins took 
the bond money or allowed someone else access to it. This was 
not a case of mere misjudgment, moreover, since the action 
required by the employer could only be performed a particular 
way and did not involve the exercise of judgment by employees. 

The test for determining misconduct is whether the 
employee's actions evidence a “wilful and wanton disregard of 
the employer's interests.” Burch, 965 S.W.2d at 835, quoting 
Shamrock Coal, 697 S.W.2d at 954-55. We agree that Mullins’ 
failure to follow the clear rule of the employer constituted a 
wilful and wanton disregard of the employer’s interest in the
proper handling and safeguarding of bond money. The finding of 
misconduct was correct. 

Next, Mullins claims that there was no evidence that 
she was ever trained in the video/bond drop procedure. She 
cites testimony from the chief deputy that he did not conduct 
such training. Mullins ignores the evidence from Jailer Gooch 
that he conducted this training himself at regular meetings. 
Mr. Gooch stated that he trained Mullins himself by 
demonstrating the procedure. We do agree with Mullins that no 
evidence exists to support the KUIC’s finding that Mullins 
requested training at a meeting. However, the other findings 
are supported by substantial evidence and were sufficient. 

Mullins also challenges the evidence that this was a 
uniformly enforced rule of the employer. Mullins claims that 
the jailer and chief deputy acknowledged that other employees 
may have failed to do the procedure correctly. However, they 
stated that they did not always know how other deputies 
performed the procedure because they did not routinely review 
the tapes. They said they had not had to because bond money had 
never been missing. Because the employer was not aware of any 
previous violations of this rule and because the employer had 
not previously failed to enforce the rule upon learning of a 
violation, the bond drop procedure was uniformly enforced. The 
evidence supported the finding of the KUIC.

For the foregoing reasons, we affirm the judgment of 
the Lincoln Circuit Court. 
ALL CONCUR. 

BRIEF FOR APPELLANT: 
Bradley S. Guthrie 
Harrodsburg, Kentucky 
BRIEF FOR APPELLEE: 
B. Amy O’Nan 
Frankfort, Kentucky