IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
IN AND FOR KENT COUNTY
JANICE M. BRIDDELL )
)
Appellant, )
)
DART FIRST STATE ) C. A. No. 01A-06-008
)
and )
)
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE )
APPEAL BOARD )
)
Appellees. )
Submitted: December 4, 2001
Decided: March 28, 2002
Janice M. Briddell, pro se
James J. Hanley, Esq., Deputy Attorney General, Wilmington, DE 19801
Upon Consideration of Appellant’s Appeal From
Decision of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board
AFFIRMED
VAUGHN, Resident Judge
Briddell v. DART First State and Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board
C.A. No. 01A-06-008 JTVMarch 28, 2002
ORDER
Upon consideration of the parties’ briefs and the record of the case, it appears
that:
1. This is an appeal from a decision of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal
Board ("UIAB" or "the Board"), which denied the claimant’s application for
unemployment benefits. Janice M. Briddell had been a bus driver for Delaware
Transit Corporation, known as DART First State, since March 20, 1994. It is
undisputed that in March 2000 she became physically disabled and was not able to
perform her job as a bus driver. Medical records which are in the record list her
condition as cervical spondylosis, cervical facet dys., occipital H/A. Under the terms
and conditions of her employment she was placed on short term medical disability,
and her job was held open for two years in case she was able to return to work during
that period. On March 18, 2001, she filed for unemployment benefits. A claims
deputy found that she was disqualified from benefits because her unemployment was
caused by her disability which prevented her from working. The appeals referee and
the UIAB agreed with that determination. Ms. Briddell then filed this appeal.
2. The statutory basis for the Board’s denial of benefits is 19 Del. C. §
3315(8), which provides that a claimant is disqualified from benefits under the
following circumstances:
If it shall be determined by the Department that total or
partial unemployment is due to the individual’s inability to
work. Such disqualification to terminate when the
individual becomes able to work and available for work as
determined by a doctor’s certificate and meets all other
requirements under this title.
This section is consistent with 19 Del. C. § 3314(3), which provides that a claimant
is eligible to receive benefits if the claimant "[i]s able to work and is available for
work and is actively seeking work," and with 19 Del. C. 3315(1) which provides that,
if an individual leaves work involuntarily due to illness, "no disqualification shall
prevail after the individual becomes able to work and available for work ... but the
Department shall require a doctor’s certificate to establish such availability."
3. An individual seeking unemployment benefits is "available for work" only
to the extent that "she is willing, able and ready to accept employment which she has
no good cause to refuse, that is, she is genuinely attached to the labor market."1
"Available for work" has been further explained as follows:
The determination of ‘availability’ for unemployment
compensation purposes is a subjective one [in the sense
that] the ability of a particular employee to secure work
must be measured by the skill of that employee in an
identifiable labor market.
As so defined, the term ‘availability for employment’
incorporates both the requirement of ability to work and
qualification through skill, training or experience for a
particular occupation, commonly expressed in terms of ‘an
identifiable labor market.’
A labor market for a person exists when the kind of work which a claimant is able to
perform is generally performed in the area where he or she is seeking employment.4
It is not required that the claimant be available for his or her usual type of work. 5
Availability for work in another type of employment is sufficient.
4. In reviewing the decisions of the UIAB, this Court must determine whether
the findings and conclusions of the Board are free from legal error and supported by
substantial evidence in the record.6 The function of the reviewing Court is to
determine whether the agency’s decision is supported by substantial evidence.7
Substantial evidence means such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept
as adequate to support a conclusion.8 The appellate court does not weigh the
evidence, determine questions of credibility, or make its own factual findings.9 It
merely determines if the evidence is legally adequate to support the agency’s factual
findings.10 It also determines if the Board made any errors of law.
5. Ms. Briddell has offered the Court documents which are not part of the
record below. Pursuant to Superior Court Civil Rule 72(g), however, consideration
of the appeal is confined to the record of the proceedings below.
6. As mentioned, it appears not to be disputed that when the claimant left work
in March 2000, she did so because her disability prevented her from working. She
contends, however, that her condition has improved and that she is now able to work
and available for work and, therefore, has become eligible for benefits. She contends
that the Board erred by concluding otherwise.
7. The controversy centers on two disability statements from Mid-Atlantic Pain
Institute, P.A., one dated March 2, 2001 and one dated May 3, 2001. The March 2,
2001disability statement stated that the claimant was partially disabled. It appears
that all of her disability statements for periods prior to March 2, 2001 stated that she
was totally disabled. The March 2 statement, therefore, indicated a change in her
condition. It stated that Ms. Briddell could work eight hours per day subject to
restrictions. It contains a number of preprinted restrictions with a box opposite each.
Boxes were checked indicating that Ms. Briddell’s restrictions were "no prolonged
standing/walking, no prolonged sitting, no lifting over ten pounds, no overhead work,
no squatting, crawling, kneeling or stooping, no repetitive bending and twisting." To
the right of no prolonged standing, walking or sitting, is the notation "to tolerance."
Under "other," there was a handwritten notation of "no repetitive pushing or pulling,"
plus another restriction which is not fully legible but appears to be no working above
the head. Finally, under comments, the form states "sedentary work." The appeals
referee had this disability statement when he conducted his hearing on May 2, 2001.
At that hearing the claimant testified that she had just seen her doctor the previous
Thursday, April 26, and that her doctor told her she could return to work. The
appeals referee invited her to obtain an updated disability statement from that visit
and submit it for his consideration. Ms. Briddell did, in fact, obtain an updated
statement dated May 3, 2001, which she submitted to the Department of Labor on or
about May 7. The appeals referee’s decision was issued May 10. He concluded that
the claimant’s ability to work was "severely restricted" and that she "has not been
able to work or available for work."
8. Ms. Briddell argues to this Court that the appeals referee did not consider
the May 3 disability statement. That may be true. His decision makes no mention of
it. He was aware from her testimony that her last visit to Mid-Atlantic Pain Institute
had been April 26, and only the March 2 disability statement is referred to in his
decision. However, the May 3 statement was considered by the Board. It was filled
out by a different representative of Mid-Atlantic Pain Institute than the one who filled
out the March 2 statement. It was the same as the March 2 statement in that it stated
that the claimant was partially disabled and able to work 8 hours a day, subject to
restrictions. It was different from the March 2 statement in that none of the boxes on
the form were checked. However, along side "no prolonged standing/walking, no
prolonged sitting," there was a handwritten notation that those activities were "as
tolerated." Under comments, a handwritten notation limited the claimant’s activity
to "sedentary, light duty work." After the Board listened to additional testimony from
the claimant and considered the May 3 disability statement and the appeals referee’s
decision, it adopted the findings of fact and conclusions of law of the appeals referee
and concluded that the "claimant is medically unable to work at her job with
employer, given her restrictions." In its decision it stated that the claimant’s
testimony verified that her restrictions were as stated in the May 3 disability
statement, "previously considered by the Appeals Referee."
9. The Board’s reference to the May 3 statement as having been previously
considered by the appeals referee may not be correct; and, as discussed above, the
claimant’s "availability for work" under unemployment compensation law is not
limited to her availability to return to her specific job as a bus driver. However, I am
not persuaded that these shortcomings in the Board’s written decision deprive it of
a substantial evidentiary basis or render it legally incorrect. The Board did adopt the
findings and conclusions of the appeals referee and it did conclude that the additional
evidence it received was supportive of that decision. When one compares the March
2 and May 3 disability statements, it is not at all clear that they were intended to
express a materially different opinion on the claimant’s ability to work. Both limited
her to "sedentary," or "sedentary, light duty work." Both indicated that her standing,
walking and sitting were limited to "as tolerated." A showing that a person is ready
for "sedentary, light duty" work "as tolerated" is not necessarily sufficient by itself
to establish that the person is "available for work" for purposes of unemployment
compensation. Any person whose standing, walking and sitting are restricted to a
self-determined tolerance is of some questionable employability. There is nothing in
the record in this case to suggest any particular type of work for which the claimant
may be qualified with those restrictions. The burden is on the claimant to establish
that she is entitled to unemployment benefits.11 After careful consideration, I have
concluded that the Board’s decision that the claimant is not able to work or available
for work is supported by substantial evidence and is free of legal error.
7. Therefore, the decision of the UIAB is affirmed.
IT IS SO ORDERED.
s/s James T. Vaughn, Jr.
Resident Judge
oc: Prothonotary
xc: James J. Hanley, Esq.
Janice M. Briddell
Order Distribution