IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
IN AND FOR KENT COUNTY
TAMIRA D. BAKER, )
)
Appellant, )
)
v. ) C.A. No. 02A-10-001 HDR
)
HOSPITAL BILLING & )
COLLECTION SERVICE, LTD. and )
UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE )
APPEAL BOARD, )
)
Appellees. )
Submitted: January 15, 2003
Decided: April 30, 2003
Tamira D. Baker, Dover, Delaware, pro se.
Jennifer C. Bebko Jauffret, Esq., Richards, Layton & Finger, Wilmington,
Delaware, for Appellee Hospital Billing & Collection Service, Ltd.
Stephani J. Ballard, Esq., Deputy Attorney General, Wilmington, Delaware, for
Appellee Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board.
Upon Appeal from a Decision of the
Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board
DISMISSED
RIDGELY, President Judge
O R D E R
This 30th day of April, 2003, upon consideration of the parties’ briefs and the
record below, it appears that:
(1) Tamira D. Baker appeals from a decision of the Unemployment
Insurance Appeal Board ("the Board" or "UIAB"), which concluded that Baker was
disqualified from the receipt of unemployment benefits because she voluntarily
terminated her employment with Hospital Billing & Collection Services, Ltd.
("HBCS") without good cause attributable to her work.
(2) Tamira D. Baker was employed by Hospital Billing & Collection
Service, Ltd. from December 3, 2001 until March 14, 2002 as a part-time Patient
Account Representative, Level I.
(3) HBCS contends that Baker voluntarily terminated her employment,
basing that contention on a letter that it claims was executed and signed by Baker
stating that she was giving her two weeks notice of resignation and that her last day
of work would be March 14, 2002. The entire letter was printed, including Baker’s
name, which was printed at the bottom. Baker denies that she wrote the letter of
resignation and alleges that the letter was forged by some unknown person within
HBCS.
(4) Baker’s supervisor, Terrell Eason, testified that Baker informed her that
she was looking into a job with another company, which would either be full-time,
or at least more hours than what she was working for HBCS. Following that
statement, Eason claimed, Baker handed her the letter of resignation. HBCS
presented evidence that Baker had been interested in obtaining a full-time position
with HBCS, but that no such positions were available at the time.
(5) According to Baker, she was approached by Eason in the parking lot of
HBCS when she arrived for work on March 14, 2002. Baker contends that she was
still in her car when Eason came out of the building and approached her, telling her
that there was no work for her that day and that she would be contacted when work
would again be available. Baker was not contacted by HBCS after that date.
(6) On March 15, 2002, Annie Grillo of the Human Resources department
at HBCS received the alleged letter of resignation. HBCS then processed the
separation as a voluntary resignation by Baker.
(7) On June 16, 2002, Baker filed a claim with the Department of Labor for
unemployment benefits, alleging that she had been laid off due to lack of available
work. A Department of Labor Claims Deputy found that Baker was qualified and
eligible for benefits.
(8) HBCS appealed the Claims Deputy’s finding and an evidentiary hearing
was held before an Appeals Referee on August 13, 2002. Three witnesses appeared
for HBCS and Baker appeared by telephone. On August 16, 2002, the Appeals
Referee issued a decision finding that the letter of resignation did not appear to have
been written by Baker and that she was laid off through no fault of her own and,
therefore, entitled to unemployment benefits.
(9) HBCS filed an appeal from the Appeals Referee’s decision to the Board
on August 21, 2002. The Board duly notified the parties and scheduled a hearing on
the matter for September 18, 2002.
(10) Baker contacted the Board Secretary, Helen McClure, a number of times
to inquire about the hearing and postponement of the hearing. McClure advised
Baker to write a letter for postponement due to prior engagements. On September 9,
2002, Baker faxed a letter to McClure requesting a postponement of the hearing due
to job interviews and doctors’ appointments. The postponement request was denied
by the Board Chairman. On September 10, 2002, McClure telephoned Baker to
notify her that the Board did not grant her request for postponement. Baker alleges
that McClure also advised her that it was not necessary for her to attend the hearing
because she had won the first hearing which was being appealed and that she could
call back for the decision after the hearing. Baker advised the Board that she would
not appear at the hearing. Baker acknowledges that she knew that new evidence was
likely to be presented at the hearing.
(11) The Board convened on September 18, 2002 and held the hearing as
scheduled. Baker did not appear at the hearing. Baker’s former supervisor, Terrell
Eason, also did not appear. Annie Grillo and Michael Oneschuck appeared as
representatives and testified for HBCS. The Board considered the evidence presented
to the Appeals Referee and the new evidence. Following the hearing, the Board
found that Baker had written and executed the letter of resignation and that Baker had
voluntarily terminated her employment for personal reasons. The Board concluded
she was disqualified from receiving unemployment benefits. Baker appealed that
decision to this Court.
(12) Four issues have been raised on appeal to this Court. Baker now argues
that the testimony of Grillo and Oneschuck was hearsay that cannot support the
Board’s decision. Baker also argues that the Appeals Referee should have been
obligated to attend the UIAB hearing to defend his prior decision to grant benefits.
The Board submitted a brief on this appeal, raising the issue of whether Baker is
entitled to dispute the Board’s decision after failing to appear at the Board hearing
despite receiving proper and timely notice. HBCS raised the issue as to whether the
Board properly concluded that Baker’s claim for unemployment benefits should be
denied due to voluntary resignation without good cause attributable to her work.
(13) The UIAB Rules and Regulations provide that "[a]ll parties to the appeal
shall be present at the Board’s hearing. Failure to appear within 10 minutes of the
time indicated on the Notice may result in the Board hearing the appeal in absence of
the delinquent party " A party who does not appear at the hearing before the
Board waives her right to participate in the hearing process. This Court has
dismissed appeals from Board decisions for failure to exhaust administrative remedies
when a claimant has failed to appear for the hearing and the Board dismissed the
appeal. Because Baker has failed to exhaust the administrative process the appeal
must be dismissed.
(14) Even if the Court considers the merits of Baker’s appeal the Court finds
no basis to reverse the decision below. Administrative boards are not constrained by
the rigid evidentiary rules which govern jury trials, but should hear all evidence
which could conceivably throw light on the controversy. Therefore, an informal
tribunal, such as the UIAB, is not bound by the Delaware Rules of Evidence, but it
may follow those rules in its discretion so long as a party is not unduly prejudiced.
Hearsay evidence is generally admissible at administrative hearings for certain
purposes. However, the admission of hearsay evidence does not determine the
probative effect of the hearsay and the findings of an administrative body cannot rest
alone on hearsay evidence.
(15) Baker was not present for the hearing before the Board and, therefore,
did not raise any objection with regard to the testimony before the Board as being
unduly prejudicial, or even as to whether the testimony was in fact hearsay. Because
such objections were not raised below, those arguments are waived and cannot be
properly raised on appeal.
(16) A judicial officer has no cognizable interest in seeking to have his
rulings or legal interpretations sustained. This extends to an Appeals Referee for the
Department of Labor. Therefore, the Appeals Referee, the fact-finder at the prior
hearing, was not obligated to appear before the Board to defend his decision below.
(17) Delaware’s unemployment compensation statute provides that the
findings of the Board as to the facts, if supported by evidence and in the absence of
fraud, shall be conclusive and the jurisdiction of the Court shall be confined to
questions of law. Therefore, on an appeal from a decision of the Unemployment
Insurance Appeal Board, this Court must ascertain whether the Board’s conclusions
are supported by substantial evidence and free from legal error. To prevail on
appeal, the appellant must show that the Board committed an error of law or
demonstrate that the findings of the Board are not supported by substantial
evidence. Substantial evidence is such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind
might accept as adequate to support a conclusion. It is within the discretion of the
Board, not the Court, to weigh the credibility of witnesses and resolve conflicting
testimony. Thus, the Superior Court does not weigh the evidence, determine
questions of credibility, or make its own factual findings. If there is substantial
evidence and no legal error, the Court will affirm the Board’s decision.
(18) The Board considered as evidence the handwritten letter of resignation
allegedly written by Baker as well as other documents used as samples of her
handwriting. The Board heard testimony from Annie Grillo and Michael Oneschuck
as to company procedure and their personal actions and observations as they related
to the facts of this case. In addition, the Board considered the evidence and testimony
presented to the Appeals Referee below by both parties. The findings of fact by the
Board were based on the Board’s determination of credibility of the testimony and
evidence presented before it and the Board’s resolution of conflicting testimony and
evidence. The Board is free to more readily accept or give greater weight to the
credibility of one witness over another if it is supported by substantial evidence in the
record. The Board may also make reasonable inferences from the testimony. The
Board was obligated to weigh the conflicting evidence and make a determination; it
did so based on the evidence presented. The Board’s findings of fact and
conclusions as to Bakers qualification and eligibility for unemployment benefits are
supported by substantial evidence and are free from legal error.
NOW, THEREFORE, IT IS ORDERED that the appeal from the decision
of the Unemployment Insurance Appeal Board denying unemployment benefits to
Tamira D. Baker is DISMISSED.
/s/ Henry duPont Ridgely
President Judge
cmh
oc: Prothonotary
xc: Order distribution